Blackjack card counting systems. Now we can confidently start card counting. Blackjack card counting systems

 
 Now we can confidently start card countingBlackjack card counting systems  This will eventually lower the casino edge

From the advertising, “Card counting in blackjack can easily be learned and our Interactive Games quiz book makes it fun. The Hi-Lo blackjack card counting system, also known as the High/Low system or the Plus/Minus system, was created by Harvey Dubner. The strategy is suitable for beginners as well as for intermediate players. All the numbers in the following tables are based on. The most popular example is the Red-7 method. The player then keeps a running count of the cards that. He wrote about it in his book called "Blackjack Bluebook II" around 2003, so this is not a very old idea. You only need to keep track of low cards (which make the count positive) and there is no need to convert a running. Red 7’s are valued at +1, and black 7’s are valued at 0. In this series he'll take you through basic strategy, card counting, and bankroll management. Balanced vs. If you play blackjack, you need to know how counting cards work. A side count of aces is therefore required to determine this factor which is multiplied by the number of aces rich or. $3,000 Welcome Bonus. Don Johnson: One of the most successful AP’s in. Taking Insurance. For each card, assign a specific value. The cards are dealt until a certain amount of the shoe has been dealt – often, something like 75% of the shoe will be used before reshuffling. There. With the Uston APC card counting system, it is a good idea to divide the running count by the half-decks remaining in play. The most popular example is the Red-7 method. Go. In Hi-Lo, 2-6 have a value of -1, and 10-A have a value of +1. The Uston SS (Strongest and Simplest) Blackjack Card Counting System. Yes, if you want to be the best card counter you can, you need a starting fund. e. Some of these are even easier to learn. By adding up the values of the cards that are dealt, the player can determine whether the remaining deck is favorable for the player or the dealer. For example, if the first ten cards to come out of the shoe were 3, 5, K, 7, Q, A, 8, 5, 4, 2, then the running count would be 1 +1. Took me weeks just to stop asking other people stupid. You use this count to determine how much your bet should be. This means that players only need to assign -1, 0, or +1 values to. 50% advantage over the house. Surrender 15, 8’s, and 17 vs. In the Revere Point Count you will see that there are more plus values than minus values. Hi, I'm new here and using the Wong Halves method for card counting. The assigned values in this system are as follows: the cards two, three and seven are counted as plus one, four, five and six get plus two, eight and ace get zero, nine is counted as minus one and ten as minus two. mrboxingfan Member. Zen Count blackjack card counting system gives players a considerably high level of accuracy if applied correctly and at the same time, it is not hard to be comprehended. The only change I made in the R22 is replacing 10vT with TTv4, which results in a better SCORE for most card counting systems. 64 % edge. point, it’s either time to start betting more or start betting less, depending on the score. 2 through 10 count at face value, i. When a new shoe begins the count starts at zero. For example, the K-O system has a 1 point CARDS. It is referred to as an “unbalanced” system because, unlike the HiLo, there are more low cards that affect the count than there are high cards. 5 and 10, J, Q, K,. The Hi-Lo Count System helps players keep track of the cards in the deck. What’s the Most-Powerful Card Counting System? The most-accurate card counting systems are those that can only be used and run through computer. The Wong Halves system is quite a complicated card counting strategy. The Halves is one of the most complex and complicated card counting systems out there. A card counting system assigns a point score to each card rank (e. Dubner simplified Dr. 06%. Blackjack Side Bets. Low cards (anything below 7) increase the count because they increase the percentage of high cards in the remaining shoe. 5. Knockout (KO) System. This means that there is an equal number of positive values and negative values. Players began using speed counting in the early 2000s, a technique by Dan Pronovost. Red 7’s are valued at +1, and black 7’s are valued at 0. Hey guys. Best 8-Deck Counting System. This means each time you bet, you will only bring back 97 cents in every dollar. 1; 2; First Prev 2 of 2 Go to page. Double soft 18 vs. In this system, low cards (2-7) are assigned a value of +1, mid-range cards (8-9) are assigned a value of 0, and high cards (10-Ace) are assigned a value of -2. Other card counting techniques • Hi-Lo is the standard card counting technique. 5, cards 7, 8, and 9 have a value of 0, and cards 10, J, Q, K, and A have a value of -0. The unbalanced card counting systems. Joined: Apr 17, 2012. In the original version of the 21+3 side bet, the payout for each of the winning hands was 9 to 1, resulting in a house edge of 3. If you are head to head with a dealer (my favorite), then you have a betting edge. However, the games I play are over six decks and not four decks like in the book so I. 5 How to Use the Running Count in Single and Double-Deck. A survey of the printed books also shows that there may be only two or three card counting systems that came with a well-defined method for counting Spanish 21. Hi-Opt II (short for highly optimum) is a balanced, level 2 card counting strategy that was developed by professional blackjack player Lance Humble in the 1970s and was outlined in the Hi-Opt II Report, which is, sadly, no longer in print. Practice with a few of these and get an idea of what works best for you in your card counting journey. This will eventually lower the casino edge. Our simple, yet powerful, Card Counting Trainer iOS and Android app will teach you basic strategy, counting, true count conversion, deviations, and let you practice implementing a bet spread. * Card tutorial to demonstrate card counting. In this system, cards from 2 to 6 have a value of +0. Low cards are assigned +1, high cards -1 and in the middle are 0. Oscar’s System was proposed in the 1960’s in a book by mathematician Dr. 50% advantage over the house. It works using the following card count: Cards of value between 2 and 7 are counted as +1; 10 and ace cards are counted as -1; Other cards require no count. This is known as the indices for the Omega II card counting system. Using this system, Ace and 8 are valued as 0. Depending on which counting system you are using, this count will fluctuate with every card that is dealt. Imagine playing with a single deck and knowing that an Ace had been removed. In the. From Peter Griffin’s book The Theory of Blackjack [ qfit. I wouldn’t recommend playing at this level of risk for long. Count cards successfully and. With every card that hits the table, you need to use the values from above and keep a running count. It’s a recommended strategy for beginners because all you have to do is assign a +1, -1 or 0 to each card that is dealt. These are dramatic improvements, and they show the tremendous impact that adding just one rule can have on the results of real play as compared to computer-simulated play. 0. When compared to popular counting systems such as Hi-Lo Count and Knockout Count, the Omega 2 system offers a bit more challenge but also greater profitability. I’ll also address unbalanced systems which do not require a conversion to. 5 if you utilise this counting system. Train the Hi-Lo method - the most popular. An ace five system works on the basis of the notion that an ace is a highly valuable card for players and the 5 is the worst blackjack card. 5. In most common card-counting systems such as Hi-Lo, players should begin by assigning a value for each card. A basic system is going to value cards with a -1, +1 or 0 which makes it simple to count. An unbalanced counting system's Achilles' heel, if it has one is the single deck game. Each card counting system assigns unique index numbers for these plays. It is referred to as an “unbalanced” system because, unlike the HiLo, there are more low cards that affect the count than there are high cards. This was created by Bryce Carlson, who also published a book on card counting in 1992. So, if you’re dealt a six, followed by a two, followed by an Ace, followed by an eight, you’re running total would be 1, 1. More advanced strategies are going to have cards with the value of +2, -2, +1, -1 and 0 which makes it much more difficult to not only count, but also to remember which cards are assigned to which value. Many of them are named after colorful professional gamblers from times past. Once you’ve mastered Basic Strategy, move up to Blackjack Counter, our advanced Card Counting trainer. 48 % edge. The player starts a series by betting one unit. with other card counting. Many blackjack players say only dumb people and card counters would. preferred card counting system for many card counting professionals and teams such as the M. Now that you know the value of the cards it’s time to count them. Any count system would be fine for multi. Comprehensive list of the different blackjack card counting. However, you will need to memorize more card values with this. Brief History. The count is then adjusted according to whenever a card is dealt and we count that card’s counting value. The most common card counting system used is the Hi-Lo system, which assigns a value of +1 to low cards (2-6), 0 to neutral cards (7-9), and -1 to high cards (10-Ace). A single card is then played face up onto their hand. First of all, it is a level III (level 3) type of advanced system. Using user inputted card values and the number of decks remaining in the shoe, the program gives a number that represents the statistical advantage to the player or the dealer. Las Vegas Blackjack Table Minimums. Once the true count reaches +2, you raise wagers by one unit (e. The higher the value, the better the player’s advantage. Other. com card counting trainer is provided to increase your skill at counting cards. Note that the level 2 refers to the wide variety of count values assigned to the cards. Ace-to-Five Count is the simplest card counting method available as you’ll only have to track aces and fives. These systems are a great start, as they’re easy and quick to learn, and they can help you improve your chances of winning when used correctly. Ben Affleck is a skilled blackjack player but he has no understanding of hiding his card counting techniques. M. Counting cards is the most common online blackjack strategy, and a technique called “hi-lo” is often used for this job. That means that 4/10 card counters who play this way will be kissing their bankroll goodbye. The Revere Advanced Point Count is a blackjack card counting strategy advanced by the late Lawrence Revere, author of Playing Blackjack as a Business. The Point Count system assigns values to cards based on their point value in blackjack, with cards worth ten or more points being given a value of -1, cards worth six or less being given a value of +1, and cards worth. The Wizard’s Ace-Five Count. Dan’s method involves an alternative count based on low cards – two, three, four, five, and six relating to the standard cards per hand known to be 271. The worth of 3s, 4s and 6s is +1, while 5s are worth +1. 2-6-numbered cards have a value of +1, 7-9-numbered cards have a value of 0, while cards higher than 10 (to Ace) have a. The Hi-Lo system was developed by Harvey Dubner in 1963 and is suitable for both intermediate and beginner players. The most famous balanced card counting systems are Hi-Lo, Hi-Opt II, Halves, Omega II and Zen. The Highly Optimum card counting system was originally designed in 1968 by Charles Einstein. Speed Counting utilises the fact that the average number of cards in a hand is 2. dealer’s Ace. 9% as well as their full versions under normal playing conditions. This system works similiar to the the Hi-Lo card counting system but has a few additional rules and card value changes which make. The only change I made in the R22 is replacing 10vT with TTv4, which results in a better SCORE for most card counting systems. When a card is exposed, a counter adds the score of that card to a running total, the 'count'. For the suave player who understands that variety is the spice of life, there are multiple card counting systems available, each with its unique nuances. The Illustrious 18. The unbalanced card counting systems are the easiest to learn as they focus mainly on the running count and point values. Our first card counting test is rather generic and covers things like – the legality of it all, popularity of the various systems, rules, balanced versus unbalanced systems and the Illustrious 18. Check out some of the free online blackjack basic. The Blackjack trainer will develop your playing acumen, and enable you to optimise your. If you are new to counting, it is better to master a simple blackjack card counting system than to have a rudimentary grasp of a more complicated one. A ‘two-level’ system uses +2, +1, 0 -1, -2 and a three-level system counts one or more cards as 3, etc. Now we can confidently start card counting. The deuces and the 7s are counted as +0. You may have seen his team featured in the documentary Holy Rollers: The True Story of Card Counting Christians, and has been covered by New York Times, CNN, and The Colbert Report. The Zen Count is a good intermediate strategy that allows users to maintain a simplified count with Ace usage that is a bit easier than some other advanced count systems. However, even if the face cards are not removed, they are worth 10. Brh Systems Synopsis and History… by Dr. The Hi-Lo Count System strikes the perfect balance between ease and returns. We can all learn from his mistakes. Step 2 – Counting Cards. It then jumps into the social part of blackjack card counting such as reading the dealer, talking to the pit boss, choosing the casino, and when it’s time to make a fast exit. The time it takes to master card counting may also vary based on useful factors like game rules, the number of active decks of cards, where you play blackjack, and the system you are using. The easiest card counting system in blackjack is called Hi-Lo and works like this: for each low. One of the most well-known and popular card counting systems is the simple Hi-Lo method. How to Count Cards in Blackjack: Different Counting Systems. The ratio of the actual profit realized from using a card counting system to the total gain possible from perfect knowledge and interpretation of the unplayed set of cards. While it may sound like something straight out of a Hollywood movie, card counting is a legitimate technique that can. If you are head to head with a dealer (my favorite), then you have a betting edge. How to Count Cards in Blackjack: Different Counting Systems. If you’re playing a double-deck blackjack game, you should take insurance if the index is at least +2. Using Blackjack Card Counting SystemsThe Wong Halves system has the following plan: ten, ace and all of the face cards are counted as minus one, two and seven get one half, three, four, six receive a value of one, five gets one and a half, eight is counted as zero and nine as minus one half. However, the easiest of those is the High Low card. Double soft 19 vs. Send any books or products to Michael Dalton, PO. Techniques of Blackjack Card Counting. As the name implies, the only two cards that count in this system are the Aces and number 5 cards. Assign a value to the cards. If you’re playing a double-deck blackjack game, you should take insurance if the index is at least +2. A positive running count means that the deck favors the player and all bets should be. 1497 ADMIRALS ROAD SUITE 209 VICTORIA, BRITISH COLUMBIA CANADA, V9A 2P8. It is a skill that requires a lot of practice and also a thorough understanding of. • In halves. The following strategy helps you evade casino detection and cash in on higher true counts: You bet the $10 table minimum. Count through a deck of cards. When the count gets to +1, you double your bet. If you don’t end up at zero, then you did something wrong. You need to convert this “running count” into a “true count” following each hand. To practice card counting, here's a chart that will guide you through the. Basic strategy players who want the long-term advantage when they play blackjack should use a. There are many different card counting methods and some are extremely sophisticated. Blackjack is played with a conventional deck of 52 playing cards and suits don’t matter. High cards (10 through A) = -1. The methodology of the KO card counting system is explained in the book Knock-Out Blackjack, written by Olaf Vancura and Ken Fuchs. Lets look how do these systems work on this one. Change your bets as the true count rises. You are still counting low cards and high cards but not the middle cards. Since there are just 5 low cards for every. Keep reading to learn more about each of the following card counting system and how you can begin today. Count cards successfully and. 5 to all 7’s regardless of the suit. Every time he or she sees a high number card played on the table (the 10s and all the. Counting Cards Can Be Broken Into 4 Steps: Step 1. As players gain more confidence and can master these systems, they can start to use more advanced systems for better results. The house edge on the most common form of 21+3 – in Vegas at least – is 3. This was created by Bryce Carlson, who also published a book on card counting in 1992. Using the High-Low strategy, the card counter only has to keep a simple mental tally of three groups of cards. Play Blackjack;. This way, you’ll know when there is an excess of high cards left to hit the felt. It is not suitable for the beginning card counter. You then learn about the card counting system promoted in this book, Hi Opt 1 counting system using a side count of aces. The single-deck penetration was 65% and. Blackjack is a casino game that can be affected by the right amount of knowledge and skills. I. When using the balanced card counting system, you start counting from a number different than 0. This system is basic, but it helps you bet proportionately and stay within your betting limits. Blackjack counting systems are tools used to improve your game. These R22 indices are a modified version of the well-known Catch-22 (C22) indices discussed in Don Schlesinger's book, Blackjack Attack, third edition. The primary goal of a card counting system is to assign point values to each card that roughly correlate to the card's "effect of removal" or EOR (that is, the effect a single card has on the house advantage once removed from play), thus enabling the player to gauge the house advantage based on the composition of cards still to be dealt. The only change I made in the R22 is replacing 10vT with TTv4, which results in a better SCORE for most card counting systems. Instead of counting all cards in a blackjack game, you only count Aces and 5s. Others will clamp down immediately when they see you spread from 1-10, or sometimes, even lower. These strategies have proven to be very efficient in multi-deck Blackjack and are used by many professional players worldwide. Hi Opt II is another card counting system used by advanced blackjack players. This trainer will run a sequence of cards to develop your dexterity and familiarity with a counting system. This means that by tracking which cards have come out of the shoe during play, we can. The Ten-Count System requires to keep a track of the number of 10-valued and non-10-valued cards that have been drawn. He wrote in detail about the strategy in his most famous book called "Million Dollar Blackjack". Start the count after a shuffle. Hi-Lo. It’s that simple. There are essentially 4 steps to counting cards, or keeping a running tally of the cards, and one simple rule. 1. 24%. As mentioned above, Omega II is a balanced card counting method. An ace five system works on the basis of the notion that an ace is a highly valuable card for players and the 5 is the worst blackjack card. this is absolutly true except for some variables. In this card counting method, all cards from 2 through 7 are assigned a +1 value, 8s and 9s are assigned a 0, and cards from 10 through ace are assigned a -1. The unbalanced card counting techniques is the fundamental/gateway to learn how to count cards during game play. The next blackjack card counting system you should consider as a beginner is the Red 7 System. Aug 28, 2006 #1. From here, you count every card that comes out of the shoe. 2. If the count. The most famous gambling systems are for the game of blackjack, namely card counting systems. Players who use it assign a value of +1 to cards from 2 to 6, as well as red 7s. 3. Ken Uston’s SS Count, on the other hand, is a little bit tougher, but definitely more effective. What is the best progressive betting strategy for blackjack? For most players, the best system is to learn basic strategy and card counting and then adjust your bet size according to the true count. . Better yet, with registration, you can add your own card counting strategies and/or load one of our 20 preset strategies. Again, the best blackjack card counting systems will account for this. There are an equal amount of -1 and +1 cards in the deck. There are several card counting systems available. Card counting in blackjack can be done by players using the following 3 easy steps: First, each card should be assigned a value, according to the plus-minus count. . It followed the true The Hi-Lo (High Low) system is one of the easier and more popular card counting systems for blackjack. com] [ wizardofodds. Additionally, the betting strategies and opportunities for card counting may differ between the two games due to variations in game rules and dynamics. The first card counting system many people are introduced to is the Hi-Lo count. If you have a blackjack product or item that you want listed and or reviewed let me know about it. KO counting system. Maybe I could do this, but I'm really not smart enough. The system was first introduced in Uston’s 1981 book Million Dollar Blackjack. Step 2. 8. From Peter Griffin’s book The Theory of Blackjack [ qfit. The values for the different cards are as follows: Cards 2 to 6: +1. Even the best blackjack card counting systems recognize that getting a blackjack without an ace and a 10 in your hand is impossible. While the hi-lo card counting system is relatively easy and simple, it can’t match the simplicity of the Ace/Five system. The Hi-Opt I (Hi Opt 1) blackjack card counting system, a version of Hi-Opt (highly optimum) counting systems, is a card counting strategy that is designed for use by more advanced blackjack players. We generally classify counting systems on ‘levels’. Im learning to count right now, just the basics, and its goin pretty well. The Zen Count is a card counting system developed by Arnold Snyder, a renowned blackjack expert. Here are three blackjack card counting systems you can use instead of hi-lo: The Ace/Five System. Surrendering 15 sometimes vs a 10 is a sign of card counting (basic strategy says to do it always). Some players have attempted to simplify the Red 7 counting system by giving a value of +0. One card counting system author was strikingly candid in a scrimmage the two of us had. Card counting values. The Hi-Opt II (Hi Opt 2) blackjack card counting system, the more advanced of the high optimum card counting systems, is a card counting strategy that is designed for use by much more advanced blackjack players . A -1 value is assigned to higher value cards, while a +1 value is assigned to lower value cards. 5 deck or 78 cards remain. The unbalanced card counting techniques is the fundamental/gateway to learn how to count cards during game play. With Spanish 21, hitting becomes more. The Encyclopedia of Blackjack underwent a major update starting in 2016. Here is a key for using this chart: Other blackjack card counting systems. Just like you can win blackjack despite the house edge, you can also lose with this strategy. 21forme. The math itself is simple—the worst problem that will arise is. It is known as an unbalanced system. M. These R22 indices are a modified version of the well-known Catch-22 (C22) indices discussed in Don Schlesinger's book, Blackjack Attack, third edition. These R22 indices are a modified version of the well-known Catch-22 (C22) indices discussed in Don Schlesinger's book, Blackjack Attack, third edition. The expected value then is also your 'count', negative = house advantage and positive = player advantage. [1] With the development of the personal computer, players, including mathematically skilled individuals who had used brute force methods to develop systems to win at the game, found that computer-developed systems provided a distinct advantage. Therefore, the number of times we have seen a card will range from 0 to 24 in our simulations. dealer’s 2. It uses the famous principle of the card counting which is assigning different point values of the cards in the desk. It is actually based on an earlier British system but was adapted by Olaf Vancura and Ken Fuchs in their blackjack book Knock-Out Blackjack: The Easiest Card Counting System Ever Devised. Each card is assigned a specific point value in the Hi Lo System. 5%, the house should, on average, win $3. Period. Here’s how you can count cards in blackjack: 1. Specifically, in the KISS 2 system, the values assigned to each card are as follows: A,7,8,9 = 0 2 = 0/+1 3,4,5,6 = +1 T = -1. Another method of card counting in Spanish 21 is to use an unbalanced counting system, which assigns different values to the cards in the deck. Best Blackjack. This is an unbalanced card count (meaning that the final count of the deck is not zero), this also uses a simple -1,0,+1 system, but also assigns a positive number to 7. It works using the following card count: Cards of value between 2 and 7 are counted as +1; 10 and ace cards are counted as -1; Other cards require no count. "Positive" means about +2 and above. 845) = -4. The Wizard’s Ace-Five Count. Unlike the balanced formats above, an unbalanced card counting system doesn’t end up back at 0 by the end of the shoe. With just three of four left in the shoe, it makes a massive difference. Counting cards hi lo system is a fantastic system for new card counters and could be an excellent way to ease yourself in the world of card counting and improve your probabilities of winning at blackjack. 0. Hi-Lo is a card counting system that assigns values to cards in the shoe depending on whether they help or hinder the player’s advantage. Below are a few of the most common blackjack card counting systems. The Hi/Lo count assigns the following card values: 2-6 (the low cards) +1, 7-9, 0, and cards 10, J, Q, K and A (the high cards) -1. However, the easiest of those is the High Low card. Card Counting Systems. 06-23-2023, 08:10 PM #11. This is the simplest blackjack card counting strategy, where high cards have the value -1, middle cards 0 and low cards +1. However, in the long run, you’ll end up turning a s mall profit thanks to the rule of averages . It is noticeable that the counting in this system is much more diverse and complicated as it involves more than the three. The number seven plays a very important part in this method as it is valued differently depending on the colour. The basic difference is that the UBZ2 is an unbalanced system, while the Zen Count is a balanced system. The Key Card Count Colin is the founder of Blackjack Apprenticeship. This is also a multi-level count system as well at level II. . Here are the basics to using the blackjack card counting trainer below: To display the next card, click on the pile on the right. I've read Professional Blackjack by Stanford Wong and saw his tables for the Wong Halves. The Hi-Lo Count System helps players keep track of the cards in the deck. High cards (A-10) = -1. We reviewed most of them and will add reviews of any new discovered ones. Learn this system only after mastering a simple card counting system. Factor in the following changes: Double 11 vs. When you’re dealt a blackjack 21, it’s customary to pay out 3:2 or 2:1. Every blackjack card counting system takes practice, time, and dedication to learn and master, but some are more sophisticated and complicated. For instance, in the Hi-Lo system, 2-6 are valued as +1, 7-9 as 0, and 10-Ace as -1. This app can provide you with up to 16 different counting systems to sharpen your skills. The Hi-Opt II method of card counting takes the Hi-Opt I as a foundation but introduces new point values in an effort to increase the accuracy and efficiency of the count. ago. This system works as follows: Card Values Each. Asymmetric systems, such as the Knock Out system (KO), are designed to eliminate the proper value of the cards (more in step 3). Suite 190. The counts for each value should be intuitive, effectively mapping the number of times we had seen that card before the current hand began. Moreover, its betting correlation is 0. 10. 50. Simple card counting systems are easy to learn but deliver results that are less than the best. Einstein was obviously influenced by the work of Edward O. It is an advanced system that is difficult to learn, but extremely effective. The total of any hand is the sum of the card values in the hand. For example, if there are 8 decks, your count will begin from -16. In this case we set the number of players to three, the total bankroll is set to $10 000 and the risk of ruin is a. Imagine a blackjack card counter faced with a situation of trying to count a six-deck shoe game where two rounds are dealt between shuffles. As you calculate the total value of cards played in the game, the system gives you an indication of what cards are remaining. Developed by Ken Fuchs and Olaf Vancura, the KO Count is a level one card counting system that assigns a value of +1 to cards 2 through 7, and -1 to 10 through ace cards. 1. Put cards back and rinse and repeat with different deck estimation. Step 2: Learn how to count cards in blackjack. Also known as twenty-one, blackjack is a game between players and the dealer which basically means they do. There are two good sources books that contain card counting systems for Spanish 21: The Big Red Book of Blackjack (using the Red 7 counting system)The odds of you consecutively losing 10 hands in a row are one in 510. The speed count blackjack strategy capitalizes on the fact that every round player gets on average 2. It is a fairly decent system. For example, if aces are side counted in the Omega II count and properly used to adjust the true. A level 1 count (red 7 is a level 1 count) is more than adequate for most players, recreational and pro.